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Population Growth & Policy in India Since the 1970s
Source: https://www.ft.com/content/f8c573d8-5abe-11e9-939a-341f5ada9d40 India is one of the most important case studies for understanding population change. Over the last fifty years, the country has experienced rapid population growth followed by a gradual slowing of that growth. Since the 1970s, India has introduced a range of population policies designed to manage birth rates, improve healthcare and support economic development. These changes have been influenced by social
Tom McAndrew
Feb 136 min read


The River Ganga: Pollution, Its Impacts and Efforts to Restore a Sacred Lifeline
Source: https://insideecology.com/2025/10/08/the-ganges-river-is-drying-faster-than-ever-heres-what-it-means-for-the-region-and-the-world/ Introducing the River Ganga The River Ganga, often called the Ganges, is one of the most important rivers in the world. Stretching for around 2,500 kilometres from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal, it flows through northern India and Bangladesh. The river supports more than 400 million people, making it one of the most densely populated
Tom McAndrew
Feb 125 min read


India: A Land of Diversity and Contrast
Author's photograph, 2023 India is one of the world’s most significant and fascinating countries from a geographical perspective. Located in South Asia, it is the seventh largest country by land area and the most populous nation on Earth, with a population of over 1.4 billion people. India is often described as a country of extremes and contrasts, where vast deserts lie alongside fertile river plains, and snow-covered mountains exist not far from tropical rainforests and warm
Tom McAndrew
Feb 86 min read


Coastal Management in the Maldives: A Fight Against the Rising Sea
Source: https://www.airpano.com/360video/vr-male-short/ The Maldives, a nation of sun-drenched atolls and turquoise lagoons, is often depicted as an earthly paradise. Yet beneath its idyllic surface lies a harsh reality—this island country is engaged in a desperate struggle for survival against the encroaching sea. Comprising 1,190 low-lying coral islands scattered across the Indian Ocean, the Maldives holds the unenviable distinction of being the world's flattest country, w
Tom McAndrew
Dec 4, 20257 min read


Cliffed Coastlines: Form, Stability and the Geology Behind the World’s Most Dramatic Edges
Source: https://nextvacay.com/beautiful-cliffs ? Cliffed coastlines are among the most striking physical landscapes found on Earth. From the sheer chalk faces of southern England to the rugged granitic walls of Brittany and the basaltic battlements of Northern Ireland, cliffs reveal the intersection between marine processes, subaerial weathering and geological structure. They offer an opportunity to explore the relationship between rock type, tectonic history and coastal dyna
Tom McAndrew
Nov 28, 20258 min read


Thirsty planet: understanding water demand, supply and scarcity in the 21st century
Source: https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/articles/the-power-of-water Water is ordinary until it isn’t. For most of human history, rivers, springs and rain felt inexhaustible: they shaped where we settled, fed our crops, and powered early industry. Today those assumptions no longer hold. Rising demand, changing climates, ageing infrastructure and deep inequalities mean that water is now one of the defining environmental and social challenges of our time. This article
Tom McAndrew
Nov 5, 20259 min read
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